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Working principle of single-stage centrifugal pump

Single-stage centrifugal pump refers to a centrifugal pump with only one impeller on the pump shaft, so what is the working principle of the single-stage centrifugal pump? Here is an introduction to the working principle of the submerged single-stage centrifugal pump (hereinafter referred to as the centrifugal pump): The main flow components of the centrifugal pump are the suction chamber, the impeller and the pressurized water chamber. The water absorption chamber is located in front of the water inlet of the impeller, which plays the role of guiding the liquid to the impeller; the water pressure chamber mainly has three forms: spiral water pressure chamber (volute type), guide vane and space guide vane; the impeller is the most important part of the pump. The working element is the heart of the flow component, and the impeller is composed of a cover plate and a blade in the middle. Before the centrifugal pump works, the pump is filled with liquid, and then the centrifugal pump is started. The impeller rotates rapidly. The blade of the impeller drives the liquid to rotate. When the liquid rotates, it flows to the outer edge of the impeller by inertia, and the impeller sucks in the liquid from the suction chamber. In this process, the liquid in the impeller flows around the blades. During the flow-around movement, the liquid acts as a lift force on the blades. In turn, the blades use a force equal to the lift force and opposite to the direction for the liquid. This force acts on the liquid to make the liquid get energy and flow out of the impeller. At this time, the kinetic energy and pressure energy of the liquid increase.

The centrifugal pump relies on the action of the rotating impeller on the liquid to transmit the mechanical energy of the prime mover to the liquid. Due to the action of the centrifugal pump, the speed energy and pressure energy of the liquid flow from the impeller inlet to the outlet are increased, and the liquid discharged by the impeller passes through the pressure-out chamber. Most of the speed can be converted into pressure energy, and then transported out along the discharge pipeline. At this time, a vacuum or low pressure is formed at the inlet of the impeller due to the discharge of the liquid. Under the action of the liquid surface pressure (atmospheric pressure), the liquid in the suction tank is pressed into the inlet of the impeller, so the rotating impeller continuously inhales and discharges the liquid.

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Coal industry

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2022-12-28